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Headlines claiming the “COVID vaccine cuts heart attack risk by 40 percent” have been circulating lately. As a cardiovascular surgeon,

Varicose vein treatment can be highly successful when it is planned correctly. Modern methods such as endovenous laser, radiofrequency ablation,

This article is for informational purposes only. If there is an active wound, discharge, bad odor, fever, increasing pain or

This article is for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment require medical evaluation. Superficial thrombophlebitis is inflammation and clot formation

This article is for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment should be planned by a cardiovascular surgeon, vascular specialist or

This article is for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment require medical evaluation. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting,

This article is for informational purposes only. The decision to perform the procedure should be based on venous mapping and

This article is for informational purposes only. Treatment choice should be made after Doppler ultrasound and physician evaluation. Sclerotherapy is

This article is for informational purposes only. People with limited exercise capacity, heart disease, active wounds or suspected clotting should

This article is for informational purposes only. The correct pressure level and model should be selected with a physician or

This article is for informational purposes only. Treatment choice should be made after Doppler ultrasound and physician evaluation. Endovenous laser

This article is for informational purposes only. Black discoloration of the foot, foul-smelling drainage, rapidly spreading redness, fever or severe

This content is for informational purposes only. Sudden weakness in the face, arm or leg, speech difficulty, sudden loss of

This article is for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment require medical examination. Sudden coldness, paleness, severe pain or loss

This article is for informational purposes only. Medications are individualized. Dose changes or stopping a medication should only be decided

This article is for informational purposes only. Sudden severe abdominal or back pain, fainting, low blood pressure, sudden severe headache

Lipedema is often mistaken for obesity or cellulite, but it is a chronic medical condition with a typical pattern. Patients

Leg swelling is a common complaint, but it does not always have the same cause. Some swelling is related to

Lipedema and lymphedema are two different conditions that are often confused because both can cause enlargement or swelling in the

A wound is expected to move through a healing process. When a leg wound remains open, enlarges, drains or repeatedly

A diabetic foot wound may begin quietly. Because diabetes can damage nerves and reduce pain sensation, a small blister, callus

Regenerative medicine refers to medical approaches that aim to support the body’s own tissue repair mechanisms. In wound care and

Pressure ulcers, also called bedsores, can develop when prolonged pressure reduces blood flow to the skin and deeper tissues. They

A foot wound caused by poor arterial blood flow can become dangerous quickly. If oxygen and nutrients cannot reach the

A venous ulcer is a chronic leg wound caused by high pressure in the venous system. It is commonly associated

Exosomes are tiny extracellular vesicles involved in communication between cells. In recent years, exosome-based products have been discussed in tissue

PRP, or platelet-rich plasma, is prepared from the patient’s own blood and contains a concentrated platelet fraction. In chronic wounds

Regenerative approaches in chronic wounds should be considered only after the reason the wound is not healing has been investigated.

A family history of early heart attack can be an important warning sign. It does not mean that every family

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited condition that causes very high LDL cholesterol from a young age. Because the exposure begins

A cardiovascular genetic test can provide valuable information, but the result should be interpreted in context. The patient’s personal history,

Stent or bypass for coronary artery disease? This is one of the most common and most important questions patients and

“I’m losing weight, but my legs are not getting slimmer.” This is one of the most common concerns expressed by