Pressure ulcers, also called bedsores, can develop when prolonged pressure reduces blood flow to the skin and deeper tissues. They are more common in patients who are bedridden, have limited mobility, poor nutrition, incontinence or reduced sensation.
Why Do Pressure Ulcers Occur?
Constant pressure, friction, moisture and poor circulation damage the skin. Once a wound opens, healing may be difficult, especially in elderly patients or those with diabetes, vascular disease or infection.
Most Common Risk Areas
- Tailbone and sacrum
- Heels
- Hips
- Elbows
- Shoulder blades
- Back of the head
- Areas under medical devices
Early Signs
- Persistent redness
- Warmth, swelling or tenderness
- Skin that does not turn pale when pressed
- Blistering or peeling
- Dark discoloration in darker skin tones
How Should Position Be Changed?
Immobile patients usually need scheduled repositioning. The exact interval depends on the mattress, skin condition, nutrition, circulation and medical status. Heels should be protected from direct pressure.
Skin Care and Moisture Control
Skin should be kept clean and dry, but not overly dry. Incontinence-related moisture should be managed promptly. Friction during transfers should be minimized.
Why Is Nutrition Important?
Protein, calories, hydration and micronutrients are essential for tissue repair. Poor nutrition increases the risk of pressure injury and delays healing.
What If a Pressure Ulcer Has Already Formed?
Do not apply random creams, powders or herbal products. Medical assessment is needed to determine wound depth, infection, circulation and pressure relief strategy.
Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly can a pressure ulcer form?
In high-risk patients, skin damage can begin within hours.
Does redness mean a wound has started?
Persistent redness can be an early warning sign.
What should be applied at home?
Use only products recommended by the healthcare team after assessment.
For wound support, visit Chronic Wound Treatment.
